Fetal alcohol syndrome

Description

Fetal alcohol syndrome is a malformation syndrome caused by maternal consumption of alcohol during pregnancy. It is characterised by prenatal and/or postnatal growth deficiency (weight and/or height <10th percentile); a unique cluster of minor facial anomalies (short palpebral fissures, flat and smooth philtrum, and thin upper lip) that presents across all ethnic groups is identifiable at birth, and does not diminish with age. Affected children present severe central nervous system abnormalities including: microcephaly, cognitive and behavioural impairment (intellectual disability, deficit in general cognition, learning and language, executive function, visual-spatial processing, memory, and attention).

Index terms

Fetal alcohol syndrome
alcohol affecting fetus or newborn via placenta or breast milk
dysmorphism due to alcohol

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fetal EtOH syndrome
fetus or newborn affected by alcohol transmitted via placenta and/or breast milk

Exclusions from above levels

http://id.who.int/icd/entity/733825440 – Inborn errors of metabolism

Sibling codes

LD2F.01 – Fetal hydantoin syndrome
LD2F.02 – Embryofetopathy due to oral anticoagulant therapy
LD2F.03 – Fetal Valproate Spectrum Disorder
LD2F.0Y – Other specified toxic or drug-related embryofetopathies
LD2F.0Z – Toxic or drug-related embryofetopathies, unspecified

Foundation entity

Fetal alcohol syndrome – http://id.who.int/icd/entity/362980699

Part of: LD2F.0: Toxic or drug-related embryofetopathies › LD2F: Syndromes with multiple structural anomalies, without predominant body system involvement › 20: Developmental anomalies