MB28.D

ICD-11 MMS 2026-01

Pessimism

Description

An inclination to emphasize adverse aspects, conditions, and possibilities, or to expect the worst possible outcome.

Index terms

  • Pessimism

Exclusions from above levels

  • 19 – Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period
  • JA66 – Clinical findings on antenatal screening of mother

Sibling codes

  • MB28.0 – Attention seeking
  • MB28.1 – Callousness
  • MB28.2 – Eccentricity
  • MB28.3 – Entitlement
  • MB28.4 – Hostility
  • MB28.5 – Impulsivity
  • MB28.6 – Indecisiveness
  • MB28.7 – Irresponsibility
  • MB28.8 – Low frustration tolerance
  • MB28.9 – Low self-esteem
  • MB28.A – Negative affectivity
  • MB28.B – Negativism
  • MB28.C – Perfectionism
  • MB28.E – Recklessness
  • MB28.F – Sensation seeking
  • MB28.G – Stubbornness
  • MB28.H – Submissiveness
  • MB28.Y – Other specified symptoms and signs related to personality features
  • MB28.Z – Symptoms and signs related to personality features, unspecified

Foundation entity

Pessimism – http://id.who.int/icd/entity/2118976964

Part of: MB28: Symptoms or signs related to personality features › 21: Symptoms, signs or clinical findings, not elsewhere classified